Fritz Brandtner
(1896 - 1969) Canadian Group of Painters, MSA, CSPWC

Fritz Brandtner Biography
(1896 - 1969) Canadian Group of Painters, MSA, CSPWC

Born in Danzig, (then Germany), in 1896, Fritz Brandtner was conscripted into the German Army in 1915. He spent most of the war as a prisoner of war in France. After World War I, he returned to Germany and studied art at the University of Danzig where he taught life drawing in the Architecture Department. During this period, he became greatly interested in the work of the German Expressionists such as Kirchner and Kandinsky, whose works he studied at the Danzig Civic Gallery. He also viewed his first Canadian West Coast totem poles, and mused about the country of their origin.

He immigrated to Canada in 1928 and settled in Winnipeg. It was very difficult for an artist to make a living during this period, so he was forced to do odd jobs before landing a position at Brigden's as a commercial artist and designer. There he met and became friends with Lionel LeMoine FitzGerald. It was Brandtner who introduced FitzGerald to Modernism and the work of the German Expressionists. Brandtner found that he had a great deal of trouble having his style of work recognized by members of the Winnipeg art scene. FitzGerald suggested that he would be more successful in a cosmopolitan centre, like Montreal. Before leaving Winnipeg for Montreal, the Winnipeg School of Art held a farewell exhibition of 150 of Brandtner's works.

Brandtner arrived in Montreal in 1934 with an introduction from FitzGerald to the Montreal art critic, Robert Ayre. Ayre, in turn, introduced him to other Montreal artists. At an exhibition of his works in 1936, Brandtner met Dr. Norman Bethune. Through Bethune, Brandtner became involved in the Children's Art Centre and the art program for disabled children at the Children's Memorial Hospital. Brandtner juggled his art education endeavours with his own studio time. Paul Duval tells us in the Toronto Saturday Night about Brandtner’s work in the hospital in these words, “In the Children’s Memorial Hospital crippled children forgot their pains and handicaps in the joy of creating designs. “Dr. Brandtner”, as the affectionate hospital children learned to call him, has many admirers indeed among the youth of Montreal for he brought a new brightness and sense of self reliance into lives marked conspicuously by monotony and frustration.”

As a painter Brandtner’s early influences were derived from the work of German expressionists and later, by modernists of the semi-abstract and abstract movements. He painted in oils and watercolour, but also carved linoleum, which he then painted. He worked in a limited palette of blacks, reds and blues. Carving images into linoleum worked for him because, in his words, "linoleum calls up ideas that lead us away from pure representation and towards the abstract.." According to Louis Muhlstock, "...the key to Brandtner's success...is the underlying structure of their semi-abstract design." Brandtner was a champion of modern art in Canada and his work is represented in the collections of the National Gallery of Canada, the Art Gallery of Ontario, the Vancouver Art Gallery, and the Musee de Quebec, Quebec City.

Ref:
A Dictionary of Canadian Artists, Vol.1, by Colin S. MacDonald, Canadian Paperbacks, Ottawa, Revised and expanded, 1997